Berlin Academy (Akademie der Künste, 1859-62); with Johann Wilhelm Schirmer, Ludwig des Coudres and Adolf Schrödter at Karlsruhe Academy (Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste)
1867 – illustrates poems of his friend Victor von Scheffel
1870 – begins receiving imperial commissions
1874 – joins Berlin Academy
1875 – appointed director of Berlin Academy
Paris (1867); Italy (1868-69)
Wilhelm I (Emperor of Germany)
Lenman, Robin. Artists and Society in Germany, 1850-1914. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1997