Chapter 11 - Crisis in the Academy | An Introduction to Nineteenth Century Art

Artists and Artworks

11.1 - Thomas Couture, Romans of the Decadence, 1847
11.3 - Auguste Clésinger, Woman Bitten by a Snake, 1847
11.4 - Gustave Courbet, Painter’s Studio: A Real Allegory Summing Up Seven Years of My Life as an Artist, 1854-55
11.5 - Rosa Bonheur, Horse Fair, 1853-55
11.6 - Edouard Manet, Déjeuner sur l’herbe, 1863
11.7 - Alexandre Cabanel, Birth of Venus, 1863
11.8 - James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Symphony in White No. 1: The White Girl, 1862
11.9 - Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, Ugolino and His Sons, 1863
11.10 - Edouard Manet, Olympia, 1863
11.11 - Gustave Moreau, Thracian Girl Carrying the Head of Orpheus, 1879
11.12 - Jules Dalou, Triumph of the Republic, 1879-89
11.13 - Fredéric Bartholdi, Liberty Enlightening the World, 1884 (installed)
11.14 - Mariya Bashkirtseva (Marie Bashkirtseff), Meeting, 1884
11.16 - Karl von Piloty, Seni by the Corpse of Wallenstein, 1855
11.17 - Hans Makart, Entry of Karl V into Antwerp, 1878
11.18 - Anton von Werner, Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm with the Corpse of General Douay at the Battle of Wissembourg, 1870
11.19 - Adolf von Menzel, Flute Concert at Sanssouci Palace, 1850-52

Readings

Benjamin, Walter. Charles Baudelaire: A Lyric Poet in the Era of High Capitalism, Harry Zohn, trans. London: NLB, 1973

Bergman-Carton, Janis. “The Gendering of Impressionism” in Norma Broude and Mary D. Garrard, eds. Reclaiming Female Agency: Feminist Art History after Postmodernism. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2005, pp. 203-15

Blakesley, Rosalind P. Pride and the Politics of Nationality in Russia's Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, 1757-1807. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2010

Boime, Albert. Art in an Age of Civil Struggle, 1848-1871. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2007

Boime, Albert. The Academy and French Painting in the Nineteenth Century. London: Phaidon, 1971

Friedrich, Otto. Olympia: Paris in the Age of Manet. New York: HarperCollins, 1992

Greenhalgh, Paul. Ephemeral Vistas: The Expositions Universelles, Great Exnibitions and World’s Fairs, 1851-1939. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1988

Harrison, Charles. Painting the Difference: Sex and Spectator in Modern Art. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2006

Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Capital: 1848-1875. New York: Vintage Books, 1996

Holt, Elizabeth Gilmore, ed. The Triumph of Art for the Public: The Emerging Role of Exhibitions and Critics. Garden City NY: Anchor Press, 1979

Lenman, Robin. Artists and Society in Germany, 1850-1914. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1997

Mainardi, Patricia. Art and Politics of the Second Empire: The Universal Expositions of 1855 and 1867. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 1987

Marrinan, Michael. Painting Politics for Louis-Philippe: Art and Ideology in Orleanist France, 1830-1848. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988

Prettejohn, Elizabeth. Art for Art’s Sake: Aestheticism in Victorian Painting. Exhibition catalogue. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007

Shaw, Jennifer. “The Figure of Venus: Rhetoric of the Ideal and the Salon of 1863,” in Caroline Arscott, and Katie Scott, eds., Manifestations of Venus. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2001, pp. 90-108